8.3 Yield vs tree longevity trade-offs

Yield vs. Tree Longevity Trade-Offs in Agarwood Induction – Balancing Resin Production with Tree Health

Agarwood induction involves controlled stress, fungal colonization, and chemical priming. While these increase resin yield, over-induction or aggressive treatment can reduce tree longevity. Understanding this trade-off ensures sustainable, high-quality production.

1. The Trade-Off Explained

GoalEffect on TreeOutcome on Resin Yield
Aggressive induction (high point density, short time-gaps, multiple products)High stress → cambium damage, necrosis, reduced lifespanMaximum short-term resin, but uneven quality, risk of tree loss
Moderate induction (DBH-based spacing, proper sequencing, optimal time-gaps)Tree remains healthy → long productive lifeSlightly lower immediate yield, but consistent, high-quality resin over multiple cycles
Minimal induction (low density, limited products)Very low stress → minimal impact on longevityLow yield, may take years to accumulate commercial-quality resin

Principle: Maximizing yield often accelerates tree aging, whereas prioritizing longevity may slow resin accumulation.

2. Key Factors Affecting the Trade-Off

  1. DBH & Age:
    • Small/young trees: aggressive induction → high mortality
    • Mature trees: tolerate more points, higher yield without compromising longevity
  2. Point Density & Depth:
    • Too many inoculation points → overlapping stress → necrosis
    • Too shallow/deep → ineffective resin, wasted effort
  3. Time-Gap Management:
    • Short gaps → stress accumulates → reduced lifespan
    • Proper spacing → recovery and sequential resin production
  4. Product Choice & Sequencing:
    • Dual-pathway induction (FusaTrinity™, Harmonia™) boosts yield but requires tree readiness
    • Densification products (ResinRush™, FusaBlaze™) must follow successful earlier phases
  5. Environmental Stressors:
    • Drought, pests, or extreme temperatures exacerbate stress and reduce longevity if combined with aggressive induction

3. Managing the Trade-Off

  • Plan induction by DBH and tree health
  • Limit maximum inoculation points per tree based on size and vitality
  • Stagger cycles for larger plantations to avoid over-stressing all trees simultaneously
  • Monitor resin indicators (color, viscosity, aroma) rather than relying solely on calendar intervals
  • Prioritize high-value trees for aggressive induction; smaller trees for gradual induction

4. Farmer-Friendly Analogy

Yield vs. longevity is like harvesting fruit from a tree: picking too many early can produce a lot now but weaken the tree, whereas picking moderately ensures a long, sustainable harvest.

5. BarIno™ Principle

Sustainable resin production balances induction intensity, timing, and tree health.
By controlling spacing, sequencing, and time-gaps, BarIno™ maximizes long-term resin yield while maintaining tree longevity.